Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it only changes forms. The total energy in a closed system remains constant over time.
The motion of atoms in a chemical reaction follows the law of conservation of energy. In a closed system, the total energy remains constant despite physical or chemical changes.
Examples include a burning candle (chemical to heat/light energy), a light bulb (electrical to heat/light energy), and a stove heater (thermal to heat/radiant energy).
Mechanical Energy in Motion
When a ball is thrown up, its kinetic energy decreases while potential energy increases until it reaches its highest point. As it falls, potential energy converts back to kinetic energy.
Kinetic energy is lost when moving against gravity and converted to potential energy. When falling back, potential energy turns into kinetic energy, demonstrating the constant interchange of energy forms.
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