Uniform and Non Uniform Motion

An object moving with uniform motion covers equal distances in equal intervals. An object moving with non-uniform motion covers unequal distances in equal intervals, meaning its speed changes.

Table of Contents:

• Uniform Motion
• Non Uniform Motion
• FAQs

Uniform motion, also known as constant velocity motion, is motion at a constant speed in a straight line. An object moving with uniform motion covers equal distances in equal intervals, meaning its speed does not change.

Non-uniform motion, also known as accelerated motion, is motion where the speed and/or direction of an object changes over time. An object moving with non-uniform motion covers unequal distances in equal intervals, meaning its speed changes.

An example of non-uniform motion would be a car traveling at varying speeds along a winding road or a roller coaster ride where the speed and direction of the car constantly change.

Uniform Motion

It is relatively simple to analyze and understand because the object moves at a constant speed and direction, while non-uniform motion can be more complex and requires a more detailed analysis to describe the changing speed and direction of the object. An example of uniform motion would be a car traveling at a constant speed of 60 km/h on a straight road with no traffic or obstacles.

How to Calculate Uniform Motion?

The formula for calculating distance traveled during uniform motion is:
distance = speed x time
Where:

• distance is the total distance traveled in a straight line
• speed is the constant speed at which the object is moving
• time is the duration of the motion

For example, if a car is traveling at a constant speed of 60 km/h for 2 hours, the distance traveled can be calculated as:
distance = speed x time
distance = 60 km/h x 2 hours
distance = 120 km
Therefore, the car has traveled a distance of 120 kilometers during the 2-hour uniform motion. This formula is applicable to any type of uniform motion where the speed remains constant.

Cases of Uniform Motion

• at the same rate of speed
• neither the speed nor the direction is altered.

Uniform circular motion

It is the motion of an object in circles at a constant speed. The fan is an illustration of a regular circular motion. The fan moves uniformly in a circular motion after you turn it on and give it some time to reach its fixed speed. Thus, the fan rotates in a consistent circular motion.

In this case, the direction and velocity are not constant but the speed is. Similarly, when you are walking around the room in a circle, your direction is changing all the time.

The formulas for calculating the velocity and acceleration of an object in uniform circular motion are as follows:

Velocity (v) = 2πr / T
Where:
v is the velocity of the object
r is the radius of the circular path
T is the period or time for one complete revolution

Centripetal acceleration (a) = v^2 / r
Where:
a is the centripetal acceleration of the object
v is the velocity of the object
r is the radius of the circular path

Non Uniform Motion

How to Calculate the Non Uniform Motion?

The formula for calculating distance traveled during non-uniform motion, where the speed of the object changes over time, can be determined using calculus. Specifically, we need to integrate the velocity of the object over time to find the displacement or change in position.

The formula for displacement (Δx) during non-uniform motion is:
Δx = ∫v(t) dt

Where:

Δx is the displacement or change in position
v(t) is the velocity of the object as a function of time (this function can be obtained from measurements or by analyzing the motion)
∫ is the integral sign, which represents the process of integrating or summing up the values of v(t) over time
dt is an infinitely small interval of time, which we sum up over the entire duration of the motion.

This formula is applicable to any type of non-uniform motion where the velocity of the object changes over time. It can be used to calculate the displacement or change in position of an object during motion, but it does not give information about the speed or acceleration of the object at any particular time.

To calculate the velocity or acceleration of the object, additional formulas or methods may be required.

Non-uniform motion happens when there is

• A change in speed
• A change in direction
• Both direction and speed are changing.

Non Uniform Circular Motion

Non-uniform circular motion occurs when an object moves at varying speeds around a circular path. This means that the speed of the object changes over time, but its direction still changes continuously as it moves along the circular path.

The object experiences a tangential acceleration as well as a centripetal acceleration directed towards the center of the circular path. Examples of non-uniform circular motion include a car turning a corner or a roller coaster ride with varying speeds.

Non-uniform circular motion is when a particle is rotating in a circle but the speed of the particle is constantly changing. The speed and angular velocity of a particle change during its non-uniform circular motion.

For calculating non-uniform circular motion, the velocity and acceleration of the object are more complex and depend on the specific nature of the motion. Calculating the velocity and acceleration for non-uniform circular motion typically requires more advanced mathematical techniques, such as calculus.

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